Method of trade-marking carbon paper



Jul 1 1930.

W. /,MEND EL J METHOD QF TRADE MARKING CARBON PAPER Filed June'6, 1929 Wyn 7m? Wf, J w K Patented July 1, 1930 UNITED STATES WILLIAM MENDEL, OF BEVERLY, NEW JERSEY METHOD OF TRADE-MARKING CARBON PAPER Application filed-June a, .1929. Serial. No. 368,993.

My invention relates to the manufacture of transfer webs of tissue paper and the like coated with transfer material, which is known to the trade'as dope, and preferably a mixture of waxes, oils, and pigment, such as lamp black, if the material is to be used for what are called carbon copies from written impressions.

Commercial competition with respect to such products is such that itis highly desirable to mark'each sheet in such a manner as to clearly manifest thereon theorigin thereof, to prevent substitution of cheaper products by unscrupulous dealers. It is also desirable'to distinguish such products as to quality thereof and as to the capacity of the respective sheets for production of transfer impressions. For instance, distinct marks upon such products may respectively" indicate the manufacturer thereof and the grade of the product, and the maximum capacity of the respective sheet as to the number of copies which may be simultaneously made with such sheets.

It has long been the practice to identify paper products with what are termed water marks, i. e., regions of the paper which are reduced in thickness whilethe paper is wet.

owever, such marking is not only costly but, in the extremely thin tissues used for transfer purposes, such marking lessens the value of the product by causing perforations in the tissue. Printers ink imprints upon such tissues alsorender them liable to break at the edges of the imprints and renders them less capable of transferring impressions thruout the area covered by such imprints. It has also been proposed to apply to the faces of the tissues from which transfer webs are to be formed, a penetrating marking fluid which penetrates from the coated side of the paper to the uncoated side so as to be visible from the back of the paper and is'of such nature as to resist absorption of the transfer coating thruout the area of the tissue thus penetrated. The effect of such a method and means of trade-marking a transfer web is that, as seen from the back, the area marked is of alighter tint or shade than the surrounding area, which has absorbed the oils tion to mark such transfer webs with a chemical which imparts to the material of the web a greater ca acity for absorption of the oily substances rom the dope coating than the areas of the web which are not thus treated, and with the client that, as seen from the back, the marked area is darker in tint or 0 shade than the surrounding area.

My invention includes the various novel features of method and means hereinafter more definitely specified.

In said drawings; Fig. I .is a perspective view of the back of a sheet of transfer web trade-marked in accordance with my invention.

Fig. II is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the back of a transfer web trademarked in accordance with my invention and having additional marks respectively designating the quality and the capacity of the same.

In Fig. I, I have shown a sheet of carbon paper 1 manifesting the trade-mark 2 by outlines 3 which are darker than the surrounding area 4 of the back of the sheet of tissue,-provided with a dope coating upon its opposite face. Such marking is preferaso bly effected by applying, thruout the lines 3,

a cellulose nitrate solvent, preferably having a high boiling point and low volatility; and particularl derivatives of ethylene glycol and diethy ene glycol; for instance, ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol mono butyl ether, etc. Such chemicals have the capacity to render the tissue paper of the sheet 1- more absorbent of the oily part of the dope, where treated therewith than where it is not thus chemically treated.

' In Fig. II, the transfer web 6 is provided with marks-7, 8, and 9, by the initial applicationto the web of a chemical capable of increasing the absorbing capacity of the web as aforesaid. However,'said marks are for respectively different purposes; the mark 7 indicating the manufacturer; the mark 8 indicating the grade of the product; and the as to the number of transfer copies which may be simultaneously made therewith from a single typewritten imprint. As indicated,

each of said marks 7, 8, and9 is darker than the surrounding area 10 of the web 6.

The contrast between the chemically treated-area and the other areas of the transfer webs may be varied in accordance with the treatment of the latter after the transfer coating is applied thereto. For instance, the coated web may be passed over heated cylindrical rolls to cause the waxy, oily portion of the dope to be absorbed, more or less, by the web tissue, according to the use to be made-of the transfer web. The coating is applied hot, and if instantly chilled upon the surface of the web, absorption of the latter is minimized and impressions transferred therefrom'are as dark as possible and, infact, such chilled coating may come as with a single impression, whereas, inaccordance with the degree of absorption, the impressions are fainter, and more of them can be made. I h

The degree of absorption is varlable in accordance with several factors, for instance,

' the temperature of the hot roll over which the web passes, the speed of its passage,"and the area of contact of the web and the roll during such passage.

Itis important tonote that, under such conditions of manufacture, applyin to the tissue tobe used for forming a transfer web, anymaterial. for trade-marking purposes, or otherwise, which resists absorption of the waxy, oily substancesfrom the, dope, inter-' feres with the grading of the product by the heat-treatment aforesaid inthat such treat 40' ment is ineffective incausing such absorption thruout the areas thus marked. On the con-' trary, the use of my invention leaves all of the tissue with at least its initial capacity for absorption as aforesaid. Y

- -o'f the-transfer dope in whatis known to the trade as carbon paper, there is acomme'rcial demand for colored transfer material, and it, is to be understood that my invention may be advantageously em loyed in'the ,manu- \fact'ure of transfer we s of any color; For

instance, the dope may include more or, less of a pigment known to the trade as Victoria blue base in accordance with the tint or shade ofgblue desired-.2 In manufacturing may be efiected withsimilar or contrasting such. colored products, thei trade m'arking colors. For instance,- if the webs are to be coated with dope. coloredv with Victoria blue {is applied.- ,For inst'ance,'I have found it convenient to use a mixture of 95%.ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate with'5 Vic which consists in applying As amatter of economy and control of the solvents aforesaid, they may be mixed with diluents. For instance, ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate and similar derivatives of ethylene glycol may be diluted with water. However, I prefer to employ a more volatile diluent, such as carbon tetrachloride or other liquid hydrocarbons. Altho gasoline and naphtha maybe used in lieu of carbon tetrachloride as diluents of cellulose nitrate solvents; carbon tetrachloride is pre-ferable because it is not inflammable like the other hydrocarbons aforesaid.

For example, twenty per cent, of ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate, or other derivative of ethylene glycol, may be diluted with eighty per cent, of carbon tetrachloride, and applied to the surface of the web by any convenient method or means.

However, in any case, it is characteristic of the use of my invention that the trademarked portion of the transfer web is darker than the surrounding area, instead of lighter,

as in the priorart, exemplified, for instance, by Letters Patent of the United States No.

1,513,246 dated October 28, 1924, and No. 1,659,320 dated February 14, 1928 granted to WilliamJ ones Hughes, describing and claiming processes of marking paper by renderinga portion of the area thereof less than normally absorbent of the oily portion of the transfer material.

" Therefore, I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of procedure .or means for effecting my invention herein set forth, as

it is obvious that various modifications may,

be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim 1 Theprocessof'markin a transfer web thereto a cellulose nitrate solvent, havmg a high boiling point andlow volatility and capable of increasin the capacityof .the web for absorption 0 waxy, oily, transfer material, and then applying such transfer material to said web.

solvent and the transfermaterial are applied to. the same face of the web.

solvent ismixed with a diluent. v

4. A method as in claim 1; wherein the mixed with a fluid diluent..

solvent is ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether,

mg qualities of the carbon and t ereafter I3. A process as in claim 1; "wherein the,

'5. A method as in claim 1; wherein the solvent is ethylene glycol mono ethyl'ether, mizfzed with carbon tetrachloride.

base, some of the latter maybe mixed with thecellulose nitrate solvent before the latter coating the supporting tissue or paper with carbon ink.

7. Inthe markin of carbon paper the step which consists in applying the desired markin to the supporting paper or tissue in a material capable of chemically altering the penetrative qualities of the carbon ink at the mark-receiving portion of the paper or tissue.

8. The process of marking a transfer web which consists in applying thereto a chemical capable of increasing the capacity of t e web for absorption of waxy, oily transfer material, and then applying such transfer material to said web.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Burlington, New Jersey, this 31st day of May, 1929.

.WILLIAM MENDEL. 

